1) Positively charges and negatively charges create repulsion.
2) Different charges affect each other.
3) Two opposite charges do not easily attract when they have a great distance.
4) When the particles contain greater charges, more force attract them together.
Ionic bonds
- An electron is transferred into another element when opposite charges of elements join together.
- They either gain or lose electrons to form a closed shell.
- Very strong, not easy to break
Covalent bonds
- also called non polar bonding
- share equal amount of electrons
- sharing with each other to form full electron shell
- due to very large electronegativities, they do not lose or gain electrons easily.
- have lower melting points
- Intermolecular forces hold intramolecular covalent bonds together
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